Xinyu Shen, Jinxin Zhang, Junzhu Ge, Wenchao Zhen, Limin Gu, Zaisong Ding, Xinbing Wang, Congfeng Li, Ming Zhao, Baoyuan Zhou. Delayed sowing/harvest dates combined with strip deep rotary tillage improve annual grain yield and water use in a winter wheat-summer maize cropping system of the North China Plain. 2026. agriXiv.202605.00023
Delayed sowing/harvest dates combined with strip deep rotary tillage improve annual grain yield and water use in a winter wheat-summer maize cropping system of the North China Plain
Corresponding author: Baoyuan Zhou, zhoubaoyuan@caas.cn
DOI: 10.12343/Agrixiv.202605.00023 CSTR: 31252.36.agrixiv.202605.00023
Statement: This article is a preprint and has not been peer-reviewed. It reports new research that has yet to be evaluated and so should not be used to guide clinical practice.
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Abstract: Optimizing sowing/harvest dates and tillage regimes offers potential to balance grain yield and water use in the winter wheat–summer maize cropping system of the North China Plain (NCP), but their interactive effects remain poorly quantified. A two-year field experiment (2022–2024) was conducted with two cropping systems (traditional sowing/harvest dates, CK; optimized delayed dates, OD) and three tillage practices (no-tillage, NT; rotary tillage, RT; strip deep rotary tillage, ST) during the maize season. Results showed that OD shifted 4.9–5.6% of precipitation from wheat to maize season, increasing soil water depletion in wheat and recharge in maize, thereby expanding soil water storage capacity. ST significantly reduced bulk density in the 0–40 cm layer and increased deep-layer (40–200 cm) soil water content by 5.1–20.8%, enhancing groundwater recharge and reducing annual net groundwater use compared with RT and NT. The integrated OD%2BST practice increased summer maize yield, resulting in 7.5–8.2% higher annual grain yield than CK%2BNT. This combination also reduced soil evaporation at wheat anthesis and maize silking and increased annual water use efficiency (WUE). Principal component analysis showed that ST, especially when combined with OD, was associated with higher deep-layer soil water storage and higher crop transpiration at the sampled stages. These results indicate that, under the two-year field conditions, integrating delayed sowing/harvest dates with strip deep rotary tillage improved annual yield and WUE while reducing Guse in the winter wheat–summer maize system.
Key words: winter wheat-summer maize; sowing/harvest date; tillage practice; water use efficiency; grain yieldSubmit time: 8 June 2026
Copyright: The copyright holder for this preprint is the author/funder, who has granted agriXiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. -
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